Universitat Internacional de Catalunya
Maxillofacial and Oral Medicine
Other languages of instruction: Catalan, English
Teaching staff
By appointment via e-mail.
Lecturer responsible: Dr. Josep Rubio Palau
jorubio@uic.es
Introduction
Oral and maxillofacial medicine understood as oral medicine is a multidisciplinary subject of dentistry. It requires constant interaction with other disciplines of the profession and general medicine for diagnosis and treatment of the cases presented.
The field of oral medicine gives the public connotations in general medicine highlighting the coincidence of the medical practitioner in theoretical and practical knowledge and the need for the dentist to understand the medical basis and the impact of systemic diseases or general or genetic syndromes before starting dental treatment, with special attention to the clinic which is manifested in the stomatognathic area.
Pre-course requirements
There are no prerequisites.
Objectives
Emphasis will be placed on the concepts of disease entity, pathogenesis, and clinical and diagnostic aspects, integrating this vision with other basic training courses in the curriculum, such as pathology, radiology and medical-surgical pathology.
We intend to equip students with the basic information in this area enabling them to run their dental practice with a strong vision of the interrelations between dentistry and medicine at large.
Competences/Learning outcomes of the degree programme
- 12 - Understanding and recognising the structure and normal function of the stomatognathic apparatus, at a molecular, cellular, tissue and organic level, during the various stages of life.
- 14 - Being aware of the general processes of the illness, including infection, inflammation, alterations in the immune system, degeneration, neoplasm, metabolic alterations and genetic disorders.
- 15 - Being familiar with the general pathological characteristics of the illnesses and disorders that affect organic systems, specifically those which have dental repercussions.
- 21 - Knowing how to undertake a full dental exam, including the necessary X-ray and complementary exploratory tests, as well as obtaining suitable clinical references.
- 23 - Establishing a diagnosis, prognosis and suitable treatment planning for all the different clinical areas of Dentistry, being competent in terms of the diagnosis, prognosis and writing up the dental care plan for patients who require special care, including medically compromised patients (such as diabetics, those with hypertension, a depressed immune system or are anticoagulated, etc) and patients with disabilities.
- 25 - Being aware of and applying basic treatment for the most common dental pathology in patients of all ages. The treatment procedures must be based on the concept of minimally invasive surgery and an overall and comprehensive focus on dental treatment.
- 26 - Knowing how to plan and undertake multidisciplinary, sequential and comprehensive dental treatment of limited complexity for patients of all ages and conditions and for patients who require special care.
- 27 - Outlining and proposing suitable preventative measures for each clinical situation.
- 29 - Recognising the underlying causes of dental health in the population, whether genetic, lifestyle, demographic, environmental, social, economic, psychological or cultural.
- 32 - Knowing the biomedical science on which Dentistry is based in order to ensure adequate oral and dental care. This science must include material on: (a). Embryology, anatomy, histology and the physiology of the human body (b). Genetics, Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology and (c). Microbiology and immunology.
- 35 - Knowing the scientific principles of sterilisation, disinfection and the antiseptics necessary to prevent cross-infection in dental practice
- 36 - Knowing the danger of ionising radiation and its impact on biological tissue, as well as the legislation that regulates its use. Knowing how to manage dental radiodiagnostic facilities
- 37 - Undertaking the x-rays that are necessary in dental practice, interpreting the images obtained and learning about other important image-based diagnosis techniques
- 39 - Recognising oral normality and pathology, as well as the evaluation of semiological data
- 43 - Having knowledge of dental biomaterial: in terms of handling, properties, instructions, allergies, biocompatibility, toxicity and eliminating residues as well as their environmental impact
- 48 - Being aware of the effects of tobacco on oral health and participating in measures which help patients who want to give up their smoking habit. Also, knowing about the complex interaction between the environmental, social and behavioural factors related to oral and general health
- 57 - Knowing the general processes of illness, curing and reparing, including infection, inflammation, haemorrhage and clotting, scarring, trauma and alterations in the immune system, degeneration, neoplasia, metabolic alterations and genetic disorders
- 58 - Knowing the general pathological characteristics of the illnesses and disorders that affect organic systems
- 59 - Knowing the oral manifestations of systemic diseases
- 65 - Diagnosing, planning and undertaking, at a general level, multidisciplinary, sequential and integrated treatment of limited complexity for patients of all ages and conditions and patients with special needs (diabetes, hypertension, oncological diseases, transplants, immune-depression, anti-clotting, etc.) or disabilities. Specifically the dentist should be competent in establishing a diagnosis, a prognosis and developing a suitable treatment plan, particularly in terms of orofacial pain, temporo-mandibular disorders, bruxism and other parafunctions; dental and periapical pathology; oral and dental trauma; periodontal and peri-implanted tissue pathologies; pathology of the mandibular bone, of soft oral tissue and annex glands; states of partial or total edentation and planning rehabilitation treatment via dento-muco supported prostheses, or dental impants, dental malpositions or malocculusions and other anatomical or functional alterations of the face or the stomatognathic system and their potential orthodontic, orthopaedic or surgical corrections
- 66 - Taking and interpreting x-rays and other image-based procedures that are important in dental practice
- 69 - Identifying patients who require special care, recognising the characteristics and peculiarities of such cases
- 77 - Undertaking medical and surgical treatment for common diseases in soft oral tissue
- 80 - Treating the inflammatory processes of periodontal tissue both pharmacologically and surgically, including supra and subgingival techniques for periodontal instrumentation
Learning outcomes of the subject
Appropriate preparation of an oral medicine clinical history.
Appropriate running of a physical exploration.
Understanding and correct indication of the various diagnostic methods, mainly biopsy.
Knowledge of the diseases of the oral mucosa and their diagnosis and treatment.
Order and correct interpretation of analytics.
Encouraging students to work in teams.
Encouraging students to continue their education in this area.
Initiating students in making reasoned diagnostic decisions. Systemic effects and effects on other organs.
- 3.01 - Identify the most important characteristics of the different groups of medicines: pharmacological activity, mechanism of action, indications, dosage, contraindications and adverse effects.
- 3.02 - Using information sources of Pharmacology
- 3.03 - Know the most relevant precautions in prescribing and administering medications in the dental patient in relation to their own pathology and concomitant medication.
- 3.04 - Have thorough knowledge in general medical pathology.
- 3.05 - Have thorough knowledge in General Surgical Pathology
- 3.10 - Ask and interpret the results of the general complementary explorations ( laboratory-image- functional)
- 3.11 - Conduct a differential diagnosis, a provisional diagnosis and a definitive diagnosis.
- 3.19 - Know the pharmacological treatment of pain
- 3.20 - Knowledge of oral manifestations of systemic pathologies
- 3.21 - Know how to explore at physical oro-maxillo-facial level and interpret laboratory complementary examinations and image
- 3.22 - Knowledge of smoking and its treatment
- 3.24 - Interpret the main analytical determinations: normal and pathological values
Syllabus
ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL MEDICINE SYLLABUS
A. MUCOSAL MEDICAL PATHOLOGY (34h)
TOPIC 1. Odontogenic Infections (Rubio) 2h
TOPIC 2. Bacterial, Viral, and Fungal Infections (Rubio) 1h
TOPIC 3. Oral Pathology of COVID-19 (Rubio) 1h
TOPIC 4. Tongue Pathology (Rubio) 1h
TOPIC 5. Lip Pathology. Cheilitis (Rubio) 1h
TOPIC 6. Pemphigus, Pemphigoid (Gil) 1h
TOPIC 7. Connective Tissue Diseases: Lupus, Scleroderma, Dermatomyositis (Gil) 1h
TOPIC 8. Premalignant Lesions of the Oral Mucosa (leukoplakia/erythroplakia) (Rubio) 1h
TOPIC 9. Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Oral Mucosa (Rubio) 1h
TOPIC 10. Normal Variants. Fundamental Lesions in Skin and Mucosa: Erythema, Papule, etc. (Garcia Linares) 1h
TOPIC 11. Lesions from Physical, Mechanical, or Chemical Agents (Garcia Linares) 1h
TOPIC 12. Recurrent Oral Aphthous Stomatitis (Ferrés Amat) 1h
TOPIC 13. Lichen Planus (Ferrés Amat) 1h
TOPIC 14. Laser Applications in Oral Medicine (España) 2h
TOPIC 15. Interpretation of Laboratory Tests and Diagnostic Examinations (Gil) 2h
TOPIC 16. Clinical History and Examination of the Oral Cavity. Semiotics, Symptoms (Garcia Linares) 2h
TOPIC 17. Infectious Pathology of the Jaws (Dr. Martínez Miravé) 2h
TOPIC 18. Odontogenic Cysts (Dr. Martínez Miravé) 2h
TOPIC 19. Non-Odontogenic Cysts (Dr. Martínez Miravé) 2h
TOPIC 20. Benign and Malignant Odontogenic Tumors (Dr. Martínez Miravé) 2h
TOPIC 21. Benign and Malignant Non-Odontogenic Tumors (Dr. Martínez Miravé) 2h
TOPIC 22. Fibro-Osseous Lesions of the Jaws (Dr. Martínez Miravé) 2h
TOPIC 23. Soft Tissue Calcifications (Dr. Martínez Miravé) 2h
B. GLANDULAR PATHOLOGY (4h)
TOPIC 1. Saliva: Function, Composition. Saliva as a Diagnostic Tool. 1h (García Linares)
TOPIC 2. Semiotics of Salivary Glands. Examination Techniques. 1h (García Linares)
TOPIC 3. Obstructive, Inflammatory, and Tumoral Pathology. 2h (Rubio)
C. SYSTEMIC ORAL PATHOLOGY (4h)
TOPIC 1. Oral Manifestations of Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy (García Linares) 1h
TOPIC 2. Digestive Diseases: Crohn's Disease / Hematological Disorders (García Linares) 1h
TOPIC 3. Drug-Related Diseases. Osteoradionecrosis/Osteochemonecrosis (García Linares) 2h
D. CRANIO-MAXILLOFACIAL PATHOLOGY (18h)
TOPIC 1. Facial Traumatology for Dentists. 2h (Rubio)
TOPIC 2. Cleft Lip and Palate: Embryology, Etiopathogenesis, Anatomy. 1h (Rubio)
TOPIC 3. Surgical Treatment of Cleft Lip and Palate: Cheiloplasty, Uvulopalatoplasty, Alveolar Grafting, Rhinoplasty, Pharyngoplasty, Orthognathic Surgery, and Distraction (Rubio) 1h
TOPIC 4. Cranio-Maxillofacial Syndromic Pathology. 2h (Rubio)
TOPIC 5. Rehabilitation of Atrophic Jaws: Pre-Prosthetic Surgery. Dental, Pterygoid, and Zygomatic Implants. 2h (García Linares)
TOPIC 6. Treatment of Dentofacial Deformities. Types of Deformities, Sagittal, Axial, and Frontal Analysis. Conventional and 3D Planning. 2h (Rubio)
TOPIC 7. TMJ Pathology I: Inflammatory, Myofascial, Degenerative Disorders. 2h (Ferrés Amat)
TOPIC 8. TMJ Pathology II: Hyperplasia, Elongation, Tumoral, Ankylosis. 2h (Ferrés Amat)
TOPIC 9. TMJ Pathology III: Non-Invasive Treatment, Arthrocentesis, Arthroscopy, Open Surgery, Joint Replacement. 2h (Ferrés Amat)
TOPIC 10. Cervical Tumors and Masses. 2h (Ferrés Amat)
SEMINARS
Each seminar lasts 1 hour.
SEMINAR 1. Lesser-Known Anatomical Structures. Clinical Implications. (Dr. Martínez Miravé) 1h
SEMINAR 2. Bacterial, Viral, and Fungal Infections. (Dr. Ferrés Amat) 1h
SEMINAR 3. Tongue Pathology (Dr. Gil) 1h
SEMINAR 4. Rarefying and Condensing Osteitis. Differential Diagnosis. (Dr. Martínez Miravé) 1h
SEMINAR 5. Pemphigus, Pemphigoid. Connective Tissue Diseases: Lupus, Scleroderma, Dermatomyositis (Dr. Gil) 1h
SEMINAR 6. Premalignant Lesions of the Oral Mucosa. (Dr. Ferrés Amat) 1h
SEMINAR 7. Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Oral Mucosa. (Dr. Ferrés Amat) 1h
SEMINAR 8. Normal Variants. Fundamental Lesions in Skin and Mucosa. Lesions from Physical, Mechanical, or Chemical Agents (Dr. Gil) 1h
SEMINAR 9. Lesions Associated with Impacted Teeth (Dr. Martínez Miravé) 1h
SEMINAR 10. Laser Applications in Oral Medicine (Dr. Gil) 1h
SEMINAR 11. Clinical History and Examination of the Oral Cavity. Biopsy Collection (Dr. Ferrés Amat) 1h
SEMINAR 12. Interpretation of Laboratory Tests and Diagnostic Examinations. (Dr. Gil) 1h
SEMINAR 13. Soft Tissue Calcifications. (Dr. Martínez Miravé) 1h
SEMINAR 14. Signs of Malignancy and Benignity in Jaw Lesions (Dr. Martínez Miravé) 1h
SEMINAR 15. Oral Manifestations of Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy. Digestive Diseases: Crohn's / Hematological Diseases. Drug-Related Diseases. Osteoradionecrosis/Osteochemonecrosis (Dr. Ferrés Amat) 1h
Teaching and learning activities
In person
Methodology and training activities
1. Theoretical classes
Master classes, imparting theoretical and practical knowledge schematically with great iconographic content. Classes will last 2 hours. A final time (15 minutes) of the theoretical class will be allocated for questions, clarification or extension of concepts.
2. Seminars
Seminars will be held to expand and consolidate those important theoretical knowledge in which the active participation of the student will be important during the realization of the seminar.
Case method
Approach to a clinical situation that we use to review and evaluate the student's knowledge.
Evaluation systems and criteria
In person
The final examination shall consist of 50 multiple choice questions (5 options) with a single correct answer.
A wrong answer will deduct 0.20 points from the mark.
Attendance of training sessions is mandatory (attendance will be taken). Two absences will lead to a failing mark in the practical component; students with two absences will not be allowed to present to the final exam.
The overall grade to pass is 5.
a) Fail: 0- 4.9 (SS)
b) Pass: 5-6.9 (AP)
c) Notable: 7-8.9 (NT)
d) Excellent: 9-10 (SB).
e) Honors: implies having obtained excellent as well as a special mention.
Bibliography and resources
Scully C.Oral and Maxillofacial Medecine.Ed . Churchill Livingstone Elsevier , 2a edició 2008 .
Bagan / Ceballos / Bermejo / Aguirre / Peñarrocha . Medicina oral . , Ed Masson SA , 1995 .
Bermejo . Medicina bucal vol. I i vol. II . Ed Sintesis SA , 2000
Laskaris.mPocket Atlas of Oral Diseases . Ed Thieme , 1998
Bascones / Llanes.mMedicina bucal vol I i vol. II . Ed Avenços Metge Dentals , 2a edició 1996
Wood / Goaz.mDiagnóstico diferencial de les lesions orals i maxilofaciales.Ed . Hardcourt Brace , 1998
Ceballos / Bullon / Gandara / Chimenos / Blanc / Martinez / Garcia
Medicina Bucal práctica.Ed . Danu SL . , 2000
Bascones / Manso.Dolor orofacial.Ed . Avenços Metge Dentals , 2a edició 1997
Fonseca.Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery , vol. 1,4,5,6 . Ed Saunders . 2000
Marx / SternOral and Maxillofacial Pathology .. Ed Quintessence . 2003
Myers / Suen Càncer of the Head and Neck Ed Saunders , 3a edició , 1996
Langlais / Langland / Nortje . Diagnostic Imaging of the Jaws.Ed. Williams & Wilkins , 1995 .
Gorlin / Cohen / Levin.Syndromes of the Head and Neck.Ed. Oxford, 1990
Pilch . Head and Neck Surgical Pathology Ed Lippincott Williams & Wilkins , 2001
Barnes / Eveson / Reichart / Sidransky . Pathology and Genetics of Head and Neck Tumors . Classification of Tumors . , IARC Press , 2005..