HISTORY

CONTENTS HISTORY EARLY MIDDLE AGES
1.- The concept of the Middle Ages. Some ideas about the history of private life in the Late Middle Ages
2.- Conditions of material life.
3.- The emergence of the "barbaric" peoples and the fall of the Western Roman Empire.
4.- The expansion of Christianity.
5.- The continuity of the Byzantine Empire: Byzantium.
6.- The emergence and expansion of Islam.
7.- Medieval society: feudalism.

8.- Charlemagne and the "Carolingian Renaissance".

9.- The phenomenon of the Crusades.
10.- The second invasions: Scandinavians, magyars, Saracens (9th-12th centuries)

CONTENTS HISTORY LATE MIDDLE AGES
11.- The renewal of the monastic: Cluny and Cistercian
12.- Panorama of the 12th and 13th centuries
12.1.- The struggles between the Papacy and the Empire (11th-13th centuries)
12.2.- The main centres of culture in Western Europe (11th-12th centuries). The Romanesque moment
13.- The 13th century
13.1.- Economic and urban development

13.2.- High culture between the 12th and 14th centuries
13.3.- The renewal in the Church: Franciscans and Dominicans
13.4.- The Cathars
14.- The 14th and 15th centuries
14.1.- The Hundred Years' War (1337-1453)
14.2.- The Black Death
14.3.- The Schism of Avignon
14.4.- The consolidation of vernacular languages
14.5.- Trade at the end of the Middle Ages
14.6.- The consolidation of the guilds

Art

1. Introduction (1 class). The concept of medieval art. The periodisation of medieval art: the problem of styles. The protagonists of medieval art: the promoters (royalty and aristocracy, the Church, the guilds and the brotherhoods, the bourgeoisie). Artists-craftsmen. The image in the Middle Ages and its function.

2. From the art of the world of the Late Empire to the 10th century (2 classes).

2.1. The art of the late Empire and the first Christian art. The formulation of the sacred space: the basilicas, the martyria, the baptisteries, the mausoleums. The birth of Christian figuration: the catacombs and sarcophagi.

2.2. Byzantine art. The emperor and his court in Constantinople. The irradiation of the empire: Ravenna and Greece. The iconoclasm. The illumination of books and the sumptuous arts.

2.3. The art of Barbarians. Visigoth Hispania: the churches and their topographical organisation. The sumptuary art of the Visigoths: the treasures. The art of the British Isles.

2.4. Carolingian art. The Carolingian renaissance and the renovatio romani imperii. The liturgical reform. The development of religious architecture: transepts, westworks, crypts. The Carolingian scriptoria.

2.5. The art of the Ottoman dynasty.

2.6. The art of the Asturian monarchy: architecture and sumptuous arts.

3. Romanesque art (3 classes).

3.1. The architecture of Europe in the 11th, 12th and 13th century: architectural models, the articulation of the walls, constructive technique: the great contributions.

3.2. Sculpture: from the first reliefs to the cloisters and the great historical portals. Sculpture on wood: imagery and religious furniture.

3.3. Painting and miniature. The mural painting of the apses: the theophanies. Featured pictorial ensembles. The great scriptoria of the 11th and 12th century. The garment and liturgical clothing. The sumptuous arts.

4. Gothic art (4 classes).

4.1. Gothic or Gothics. Changes in spirituality: towards a more human conception of God.

4.2. Architecture: The technical advances, the symbolism of light and the rise of the first Gothic cathedrals in Ille de France. The French model and its expansion throughout Europe. The Southern Gothic. Italy: Pisa, Siena, Florence. England.

4.3. Sculpture and painting in the 12th and 13th century: the decoration of façades. Nicola and Giovanni Pisano in Tuscany of the Duecento and Trecento. Liturgical furniture and liturgical objects. French painting and miniature of the 13th century, the linear Gothic and its irradiation.

4.4. The crisis of the 14th century. The architecture of southern Gothic. The sculpture of the Three Hundred: altarpieces and imagery, funerary sculpture. The flourishing of the Tuscan Trecento: the Florentine and Sienese innovations in painting and its influence outside of Italy.

4.5. The end of the Gothic: political and social context. The modern devotio. The architecture of Flamboyant Gothic. The international Gothic in the arts of colour and sculpture. The flamenco gothic: towards a new realism.

LITERATURE

1-. Medieval epic

2-. Chivalric narrative

3-. Medieval lyric poetry

4-. Drama

5.- Short narrative

6-. Dante, Petrarch and Italian humanism

7-. Dance of Death

8-. Fifteenth-century poetry

PHILOSOPHY

1. Preliminary questions:

    a) The concept of ‘medieval philosophy’.

    b) Translatio studiorum.

    c) The place of religion in medieval philosophy.

    d) Christianity and philosophy.

 2. Patristic philosophy and the transition from the ancient to the medieval world

    a) The Apostolic Fathers, the apologists and Gnosticism.

    b) Splendour of the Latin Patristic: St. Augustine of Hippo.

    c) The last patristic: Pseudo-Dionysius Aeropagita and John of Damascus.

 3. From Patristics to Scholastics.

   a) The last Roman and the first scholastic: Boethius.

   b) The Carolingian Renaissance: John Scotus Eriugena.

   c) Dialectics in the 11th century: St. Anselm of Canterbury.

   d) Urban schools: Chartres, Saint Victor.

   e) The problem of Universals: Peter Abelard.

4. Muslim and Jewish Philosophy (10th century -11th century)

   a) Eastern Islam (Avicenna) and Western Islam (Averroes).

   b) The Jewish philosophy: Avicebron and Maimonides.

5. Scholastic Philosophy

   a) The scholastic philosophical corpus: fides et ratio.

   b) The University and the first professors: Paris and Oxford.

   c) Splendour of Scholasticism: St. Thomas Aquinas and St. Bonaventure.

6. Crisis and decline of medieval philosophy (13th century -14th century)

    a) The 1277 Condemnation of Paris: John Duns Scotus.

    b) William of Ockham and ‘Ockhamism’.